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PSORIASIS
Oxidative Stress and its role in skin disease.
Trouba KJ, Hamadeh HK, Amin RP, Germolec DR. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2002 Aug;4(4):665-73
Skin is a major target of oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that originate in the environment and in the skin itself. ROS are generated during normal metabolism, are an integral part of normal cellular function, and are usually of little harm because of intracellular mechanisms that reduce their damaging effects. Antioxidants attenuate the damaging effects of ROS and can impair and/or reverse many of the events that contribute to epidermal toxicity and disease. However, increased or prolonged free radical action can overwhelm ROS defense mechanisms, contributing to the development of cutaneous diseases and disorders. Although ROS play a role in diseases such as skin cancer, their biological targets and pathogenic mode of action are still not fully understood. In addition, strategies useful in the therapeutic management of ROS action in human skin are still lacking. This review is intended to give investigators an introduction to ROS, antioxidants, two skin disorders influenced by ROS action (skin cancer and psoriasis), and relevant model systems used to study ROS action.
Blood thiols and malondialdehyde levels in psoriasis.
Relhan V, Gupta SK, Dayal S, Pandey R, Lal H. J Dermatol. 2002 Jul;29(7):399-403
Forty patients with psoriasis and forty healthy controls were enrolled to study the levels of total blood thiols (an important part of the body's antioxidant defence system) and plasma malondialdehyde (a lipid peroxidation product). The levels of total blood thiols in psoriatic patients in the acute phase were significantly lower than those in controls, but total blood thiol levels in psoriatic patients in the remission phase were not significantly different from those in controls. There was a significant difference between levels of total blood thiols of patients in the acute phase and in remission. The levels of plasma MDA were significantly raised in psoriatic patients in the acute phase as compared to those in controls and in patients in remission. The differences in levels of plasma MDA were not significant between control subjects and patients in remission. These findings suggest a role of oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis.
Dislipidemia and oxidative stress in mild and in severe psoriasis as a risk for cardiovascular disease.
Rocha-Pereira P, Santos-Silva A, Rebelo I, Figueiredo A, Quintanilha A, Teixeira F. Clin Chim Acta. 2001 Jan;303(1-2):33-9
Psoriasis is a common chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disorder that has been associated with oxidative stress, abnormal plasma lipid metabolism and with high frequency of cardiovascular events. This prevalence seems to be related to the severity of psoriasis, as it occurs more frequently in patients presenting large areas of the body affected with psoriasis lesions. The aim of our work was to evaluate the development of oxidative stress and of dislipidemia in psoriasis, and to look for a correlation between their levels and worsening of psoriasis. We evaluated lipid profile, total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant vitamins A and E, and lipoperoxidation products. The study was performed in controls and in patients presenting mild and severe psoriasis. Patients presented risk changes in lipid profile (a rise in cholesterol (P<0.01), triglycerides (P<0.001), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.01), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.01), apolipoprotein B (P<0.001) and lipoprotein(a) (P<0.001); and a reduction in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.001)), a rise in lipoperoxidation products (P<0.001) and a reduction in total antioxidant capacity (P<0.001) and in antioxidant vitamins A (P<0.001) and E (P<0.05). Moreover, we found that the worsening of psoriasis was associated with the enhancement of oxidative stress and of the lipid risk changes. Our data suggest that psoriasis patients must be considered as a group at risk for cardiovascular disease and that this risk seems to be higher in severe psoriasis. In addition, a possible benefit of an enriched diet or of a supplement of vitamins A and E in psoriasis patients should be further studied.
Increased oxidative damage to firboblasts in skin with and without lesions in psoriasis.
Dimon-Gadal S, Gerbaud P, Therond P, Guibourdenche J, Anderson WB, Evain-Brion D, Raynaud F. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 May;114(5):984-9
Differences in oxidative damage, as measured by an increase in the carbonylation of macromolecules, were determined in situ with skin biopsies from psoriatic patients and controls. High levels of carbonyl residues were consistently detected in the dermis and never in the epidermis of sections of these skin biopsy samples. The dermis of psoriatic skin without lesions had a higher level of carbonylation than the dermis of normal skin. In this study, we found that there was more oxidative damage in cultured fibroblasts prepared from skin with and without lesions from psoriasis patients than in normal fibroblasts from |